Coffee is a staple beverage for many people around the world, and it's not hard to see why. The caffeine in coffee can provide an energy boost and increase mental alertness, making it a popular morning drink. However, recent research suggests that there may be potential downsides to drinking too much coffee, particularly in relation to kidney health.
According to a study published in JAMA Network Open, drinking three or more cups of coffee per day may be linked to kidney dysfunction, particularly for individuals with a certain genetic variant. The study followed 1,180 adults between the ages of 18 and 45 with untreated stage 1 hypertension for roughly 16 years. During the study, participants were checked for signs of kidney dysfunction and disease, including hyperfiltration, albuminuria, and hypertension. The results showed that those who metabolized caffeine slower and drank three cups of coffee or more per day were 2.7 times more likely to experience kidney dysfunction.
The study found that the rs762551 variant of the CYP1A2 gene, which affects how quickly the body metabolizes caffeine, was present in about half of the participants. Individuals with this gene variant who drank three or more cups of coffee per day were at greater risk of kidney dysfunction than those without the variant.
Dr. Sara Mahdavi, the lead author of the study and a researcher with the Department of Community and Family Medicine at the University of Toronto, stated that the findings implicate caffeine as the component in coffee that can damage the kidneys.
However, it's important to note that this study only found a higher risk of kidney dysfunction for individuals who consumed three or more cups of coffee per day. It's unclear whether drinking one or two cups of coffee daily has any negative impact on kidney health. In fact, other studies have found that drinking coffee can actually reduce the risk of kidney disease.
Melanie Betz, a registered dietitian with the Kidney Foundation, emphasizes the importance of individualized nutrition and the role that genetics can play in how the body responds to coffee. She suggests that while this study highlights potential risks of excessive coffee consumption, it doesn't necessarily mean that everyone should avoid coffee altogether. It's important to interpret all findings together and consider other factors, such as overall diet and lifestyle habits, that may impact kidney health.
In conclusion, while coffee can have benefits such as increased alertness and improved athletic performance, it's important to be mindful of how much you're consuming and any potential risks. As with most things, moderation is key. If you're concerned about the impact of coffee on your health, it's always best to consult with a healthcare professional.